Fibromyalgia is a disorder characterized by chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain. The pain experienced by people with fibromyalgia is often described as deep, burning and persistent. Although the exact cause of fibromyalgia is not yet fully understood, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental and neurobiological factors.
Why does it hurt so much?
While there is no definitive answer to this question, researchers believe that several factors may contribute to severe pain in people with fibromyalgia:
- Amplified sensitivity: People with fibromyalgia appear to have an increased sensitivity to pain, meaning that they feel pain more intensely than people without the condition.
- Alterations in pain processing: Changes have been found in the brains of people with fibromyalgia that suggest that their central nervous system processes pain differently.
- Chemical imbalances: Alterations in certain neurotransmitters and hormones have been identified in people with fibromyalgia, which may contribute to pain and other symptoms.
Where is the pain felt?
Fibromyalgia pain is usually generalized and can be felt anywhere in the body. However, there are certain specific points, called trigger points, that are especially sensitive to touch in people with fibromyalgia. These points are found in the neck, shoulders, back, hips, knees and elbows.
Other associated symptoms
In addition to pain, people with fibromyalgia may experience other symptoms, such as:
- Chronic fatigue: Sensation of extreme tiredness that does not improve with rest.
- Sleep disorders: Difficulty in falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night or feeling of not having had enough rest.
- Cognitive problems: Difficulty concentrating, remembering things or making decisions.
- Depression and anxiety: These mood disorders are common in people with fibromyalgia.
- Irritable bowel syndrome: Digestive problems such as abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea.
- Headache: Frequent and tension headaches.
Treatment of fibromyalgia
Although there is no cure for fibromyalgia, there are several treatment options that can help alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life for those affected. These treatments may include:
- Medications: Analgesics, antidepressants and anticonvulsants can help relieve pain and other symptoms.
- Physical therapy: Gentle exercise and stretching can help improve flexibility and reduce pain.
- Occupational therapy: Can help people learn to manage daily activities with less pain.
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy: This therapy can help people develop skills to manage stress and pain.
- Dietary supplements: Some supplements, such as vitamin D and magnesium, may be beneficial.
It is important to remember that each person with fibromyalgia is unique and what works for one person may not work for another. Finding the right treatment can take time and patience, and it is essential to work closely with a team of healthcare professionals.
